| 于晓倩,林岩,李龙霞.基于专利的关键核心技术识别与演化研究——以海洋工程装备为例[J].情报工程,2025,11(2):100-116 |
| 基于专利的关键核心技术识别与演化研究——以海洋工程装备为例 |
| Research on Identification and Evolution of Key Core Technologies Based on Patents: A Case Study of Marine Engineering Equipment |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 专利分析；关键核心技术；技术识别；技术主题演化；海洋工程装备 |
| 英文关键词: Patent Analysis; Key Core Technologies; Technical Identification; Evolution of Technology Themes; Marine Engineering Equipment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目“企业智能产品数字技术创新中的知识整合策略研究”（72271037）。 |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 于晓倩 | 大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院 | | 林岩 | 大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院 | | 李龙霞 | 大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| [目的/意义]关键核心技术是国之重器，关乎发展全局，关键核心技术的识别与演化是打赢关键核心技术攻坚战的第一步。以海洋工程装备专利数据为依据，提出关键核心技术的识别与主题演化方法，以期把握技术发展重点，实现关键核心技术的突破。[方法/过程]首先，利用incopat专利数据库下载专利数据并进行预处理；其次，选择Logistic 模型进行生命周期分析，划分时间段；再次，构建专利IPC 共现网络，采用改进k 值分解算法进行一次筛选得到核心技术领域，根据关键核心技术特征构建多维指标识别体系后，依据熵权法计算关键核心指数进行二次筛选，对关键核心技术进行识别；最后，更细粒度地，采用BERTopic 模型对各阶段关键核心技术领域进行主题识别，结合JS散度计算主题间相似度，从而对关键核心技术主题进行识别与演化分析。[局限]选择的技术领域粒度较粗，丢失部分技术细节信息。[结果/结论]研究以海洋工程装备领域为例进行实证，全阶段共识别出17 个关键核心技术领域，对“E21B”技术领域进行主题识别演化分析，发现海洋工程装备向智能化、绿色化的方向发展演进，证明了该方法的有效性，能够为产业技术动态分析提供有益参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective/Significance] The key core technology is the key to the country and is related to the overall development.The identification and evolution of key core technologies is the first step to win the battle of key core technologies. Based on the patent data of marine engineering equipment, the identification and topic evolution methods of key core technologies are proposed in order to grasp the key points of technology development and achieve breakthroughs in key core technologies.[Methods/Processes] Firstly, the patent data is downloaded and preprocessed by using the incopat patent database. Secondly,the Logistic model is selected to analyze the life cycle and divide the time period. Thirdly, the patent IPC co-occurrence network is constructed, and the core technology field is obtained by using the improved k-value decomposition algorithm. After constructing the multi-dimensional index recognition system according to the key core technology characteristics, the key core index is calculated according to the entropy weight method for secondary screening, and the key core technology is identified.Finally, in a more fine-grained way, the BERTopic model is used to identify the key core technology topics in each stage, and the JS divergence is used to calculate the similarity between topics, so as to identify and analyze the key core technology topics.[Limitations] The granularity of the selected technical field is coarse, and some technical details are lost. [Results/Conclusions] Taking the field of marine engineering equipment as an example, a total of 17 key core technology fields are identified in the whole stage. The theme identification and evolution analysis of “E21B” technology field is carried out. It is found that marine engineering equipment is evolving towards a green and intelligent direction, which proves the effectiveness of this method and can provide a useful reference for the dynamic analysis of industrial technology. |
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