| 笪琼瑶.我国城市实际获取知识溢出的数量测度研究——基于 255 个地级城市数据[J].情报工程,2022,8(5):051-064 |
| 我国城市实际获取知识溢出的数量测度研究——基于 255 个地级城市数据 |
| A Study on the Quantitative Measurement of Knowledge Spillover from Urban Actual Acquisition in China—— Based on the Data of 255 Prefecture-level Cities |
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| DOI：10.3772/j.issn.2095-915X.2022.05.005 |
| 中文关键词: 知识溢出；技术临近；知识吸收能力 |
| 英文关键词: Knowledge spillover; technological proximity; knowledge absorptive capacity |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目“制度性交易成本的界定、测度及降低对策研究”（17BJL010）；2022 年度陕西省哲学社会科学
重大理论与现实问题研究后期资助项目“陕西省数字经济发展水平测度与劳动者福利效应研究”（2022HQ02）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| [ 目的 / 意义 ] 通过对 255 个地级城市实际所接收知识溢出的测度，了解城市间知识溢出分布的差异，有利于因地制宜地利用知识资源，开展更深入的创新创业活动，抓住数字经济这一时代契机，促进经济高质量发展与共同富裕伟大目标的实现。[ 方法 / 过程 ] 基于前人对知识溢出的测度思路，将城市实际获取的知识溢出构建为技术临近、吸收能力、地理距离等影响下城市可获得的知识池的函数进行实际接收知识溢出的测度。其中，通过地区生产能力禀赋测度技术临近，通过构建知识吸收能力指标体系并利用熵权法测度知识吸收能力。[ 局限 ] 利用产品空间理论的地区生产能力禀赋相似度来测度城市间技术临近程度，因使用中国工业企业数据，因而具备数据局限性。[ 结果 / 结论 ] 我国 255个地级城市 10 年间实际可获得的知识溢出均呈现出上升趋势，然而数量分布不均、差距较大，呈现出城市群特征。知识溢出的高速增长得益于 2006 年我国提出建设创新型国家战略的影响，而分布不均主要受城市人才流动、产学研合作、新建企业数以及对外贸易数额的影响。要重视城市间知识溢出的较大差异，对于知识溢出较多的城市要避免知识拥挤，对于知识溢出较少的城市要开拓知识获取渠道。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective/Significance] By measuring the knowledge spillover actually received by 255 prefecture-level cities, this study provides an understanding of the differences in the distribution of knowledge spillovers among cities, which is conducive to making use of knowledge resources according to local conditions, carrying out more in-depth innovation and entrepreneurship activities, seizing the opportunity of the era of digital economy, and promoting the realization of the great goal of high-quality economic development and common prosperity. [Methods/Processes] Based on the knowledge spillover measurement idea from previous research, the knowledge spillover in this study is constructed as a function of the knowledge pool available in cities under the influence of technology proximity, absorption ability and geographical distance for the actual receiving knowledge overflow measurement. Among them, technology proximity is measured by regional production capacity endowment, and knowledge absorptive capacity is measured by building a knowledge absorptive capacity index system and using entropy weight method. [Limits] The similarity of regional production capacity endowment of product space theory is used to measure the proximity of technology between cities. Due to the use of data of Chinese industrial enterprises, there are data limitations in this study. [Results/Conclusions] The data of actual knowledge spillover available in 255 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2013 show an overall upward trend, but the quantity distributions are uneven and gaps between different cities are pretty large, showing the characteristics of urban agglomeration. The rapid growth of knowledge spillover is due to the influence of Chinese strategy of building an innovative country in 2006, while the uneven distributions are mainly affected by the flow of urban talents, industry-university-research cooperation, the number of new enterprises and the amount of foreign trade. Attention should be paid to the great difference in knowledge spillover between cities, avoiding knowledge crowding for cities with more knowledge overflow, and exploring channels for knowledge acquisition for cities with less knowledge overflow. |
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